do we have dynamics in temperature and rainfall in ethiopia
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2, 2012. EOF analysis is used to investigate the performance of FMAM and JJAS seasonal rainfall over Ethiopia by using the monthly gridded CRU TS4.01 dataset. This study examines change and trends of 21 climate extremes of temperature and precipitation over Ethiopia by using indices from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI). 2015) and latitude of the country varying from 3 to 15 o N and 33 o E to 48 o E (Gamachu 1988 ). This spot where Wolf Point Creek meets Muir Inlet is a dynamic place. 417425, 2000. K. MG, Rank Correlation Methods, Griffin, London, UK, 4th edition, 1975. E. Viste, D. Korecha, and A. Sorteberg, Recent drought and precipitation tendencies in Ethiopia, Theoretical and Applied Climatology, vol. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? A. P. Williams and C. Funk, A westward extension of the warm pool leads to a westward extension of the Walker circulation, drying eastern Africa, Climate Dynamics, vol. You'll also want to include a windproof, waterproof jacket, a good hat, and sunscreensunburn can occur year-round, especially at the higher elevations. W. Tsegay, The case of ethiopia: impacts and responses to the 1997-98 El Nio event, in Once Burned Twice Shy? Ten-year moving average (red line) and time-series plot of TMAXmean (a), DTR (b), and SU25 (c) of temperature extremes. The eastern corner of the country is very arid and experiences very little rainfall. 8, pp. Locally heavy rainfall possible. Additionally, the variability of rainfall performance over Ethiopia shows droughts and floods from the 1980s onwards, and since 1990, the country has recorded major floods that killed about 2,000 people and affected close to 2.2 million people [62, 63]. [1], In response to experience, the Ethiopian government began developing a green economy policy to counter climate change under a single policy: the 2011 Climate Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) strategy. WebTrend analysis for the long-term average temperature and rainfall of Ethiopia during 1901 to 2015 has been performed to understand the pattern of these important meteorological features under climate change. Figure 6 indicates a chronology of Ethiopian drought and flood extreme events during different time periods. Weather is the condition of atmosphere over a short period of time. Sn/_M_:D`Gw8'..;/c'((gHhz?X" :xWK{Gl8-Zzb[nV? Latitude is the distance of a location from the equator. However, in reality, each area has its own rainfall patterns. 0000003918 00000 n
We understand your requirement and provide quality works. Revolution of the Earth and Inclination of the Earth's Axis, 5.3.1. Southern part of Ethiopia receives highest records of temperature in autumn and spring following the relative shift of the sun; whereas in the northern part of the country, summer season is characterized by higher temperature. Webfind figurative language in my text generator. 4, pp. The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request. The daily rainfall and temperature data were collected from National Meteorological Agency of Ethiopia. This tool is capable of identifying duplicate dates, out-of-range values based on a defined threshold, outliers, coherence between maximum and minimum temperatures (Tmax>Tmin), and consecutive days with equal values. Among the 12, seven of the drought events occurred since 1980. A brief treatment of dynamics follows. Upward trends in air temperature of + 0.03 C year 1 and downward trends in rainfall of 0.4 mm month 1 year 1 have been observed over Ethiopia's southwestern region in the period 1948-2006. The Bereha agro-climatic zone is largely confined to lowland areas with altitude of lower than 500 meters. In the country, 12 extreme drought events were recorded between 1900 and 2010. endstream
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Climate change is one of the most complex issues facing us today. Elevated temperatures also have major consequences on livestock and terrestrial biota generally [810]. A. Dai, E. Kevin, K. E. Trenberth, and T. R. Karl, Effects of clouds, soil moisture, precipitation, and water vapor on diurnal temperature range, Journal of Climate, vol. In these seasons, rainfall totals up to 500 mm, that means adequate for watering for viable farming and pastures. They are limited to the lowlands in the peripheries. J. P. Peixoto and A. H. Oort, Physics of Climate, American Institute of Physics, New York, NY, USA, 1992. Although the days are clear and sunny, be prepared for the fact that nighttime temperatures can dip as low as 40 degrees Fahrenheit (5 degrees Celsius). 33833385, 2003. Ethiopia as a large country in the Horn of Africa is characterized by a wide variety of altitudinal ranges and diverse climatic conditions. The IPCC [78] report shows that greenhouse gas emissions are the leading cause of climate change and that the mean global temperature will increase by 1.45.8C by the end of the 21st century. Ethiopia is one and among the ten countries with fastest economy growth in the globe today. X. L. Wang, Comments on detection of undocumented changepoints: a revision of the two-phase regression model, Journal of Climate, vol. Although mean annual rainfall is erratic, it can be as high as 1500 mm in the wet western lowlands of Gambella. Recurrent extreme drought and flood in Ethiopia lead to more economic loss. Between the mid-1970s and late 2000s, Ethiopia's rainfall precipitation in some areas and seasons decreased by 15-20 percent. Y. Seleshi and G. R. Demaree, Rainfall variability in the Ethiopian and Eritrean highlands and its links with the southern oscillation index, Journal of Biogeography, vol. 16, no. Publish Date: 13 April 2022. 277, no. M. New, M. Todd, M. Hulme, and P. Jones, Precipitation measurements and trends in the twentieth century, International Journal of Climatology, vol. The EOF technique is one of the tools that have been proven to be successful at the regional scale. 0000009717 00000 n
RX1day, RX5day, SDII, and CDD over Combolcha show an increasing trend, while CWD, R10, R20, and annual total precipitation (PRCPTOT) show a decreasing trend (Table 3). The temporal variability of rainfall is characterized by; Based on rainfall distribution, both in space and time, four rainfall regions can be identified in Ethiopia and the Horn. According to Kidanu et al. The causes of climate change are generally categorized as anthropogenic/manmade and natural causes. M. Sarofim, S. Saha, M. Hawkins et al., Ch. The R. Tayeb, D. Peyman, and S. Bahram, Annual rainfall trend in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran, in Proceedings of the ICID 21st European Regional Conference 2005, Frankfurt, Germany, May 2005. Ethiopia is located in the Horn of Africa within 315N and 3348E, bordered with Eritrea to the north, Djibouti to the east, Sudan to the west, Kenya to the south, and Somalia to the south and east. The risks posed to water resources from changing climatic conditions are not unique to South Africa, and IAEA scientists are using a global isotope database to reveal the dynamics between temperature and rainfall. [79] indicated that the temperature is likely to increase by 35C in the African tropics during 20712100 relative to 19611990 under the high-emission scenario including Ethiopia. As the earth revolves around the sun, this inclination produces a change in the directness of the suns rays; which in turn causes the directness of the sun and differences in length of day cause seasons. The two-phase regression model, Journal of Climate, vol and A.,. That 49.6 % was mostly negative with a high amount of variability Horn of Africa is characterized by a variety. The wet western lowlands of Gambella are generally categorized as anthropogenic/manmade and natural causes confined to lowland with. 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