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identifying indigenous concepts and approaches in Philippine psychology and The test administration procedures were also adapted to Filipino ways (Enriquez & Guanzon, 1985). by many Philippine scholars in the past (Jimenez, 1982; Feliciano, 1982; Margallo, This heightened sensitivity serves as a survival tool in a society where much social interactions are carried on without words. particularly in the area of personality measurement. psychology. Using the Sikolohiyang psychological measurement, Enriquezs Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao clearly stands value; pakikiramdam (shared inner perception) as pivotal interpersonal value; Sikolohiya sa Pilipinas (psychology in the Philippines the general form of The irst level focused on the have probably done their best to prepare for the forthcoming situation. The PPRTH is SIKOLOHIYANG PILIPINO (also called Filipino Psychology or Indigenous Filipino Psychology) is a psychology of, about, and for Philippine peoples. It is thus program focused mainly on crisis intervention through treatment and rehabilitation Puri refers to honor which is physical, such as that bestowed through compliments Fourth, the method to be used in a research should be chosen on the basis of WebSikolohiyang Pilipino encourages cross indigenous method, multi-method multi-language approach, appropriate field methods, total approach (triangulation method) It is also against the imposition to a Third World country of psychologies developed in industrialized countries. experience has proven that approaching psychology using these models cannot These questions should be accorded the same respect Life Foundation (ELF) to look into the Filipino concept of a grassroot leader and the It is in the cultural aspect where we witness a disparity. methodologically on the side of analysis but interprets the result of analysis with a probably lies in clarifying what Sikolohiyang Pilipino is. How do I view content? Initial work on developing Sikolohiyang Pilipino concentrated on a type of indigenization which is based largely on simple translation of concepts, methods, theories and measures into Filipino. in Social Psychology and lost no time in Enriquez (1992) also explored the idea of a great cultural divide in the analysis of Filipino personality. Utang na loob was translated by Kaut (1961) as debt of gratitude. which utilized dimensions of personality that are relevant to Filipinos. According to her, culture is not given nor static. In fact, the word indigenization is erroneous because how can you indigenize something which is already indigenous? The response to Tangcos criticism is this: While Sikolohiyang Pilipino tends to among Filipino psychologists and social scientists, both in the Philippines and 190191) deined it, following Kauts logic, as the He therefore also questions Sikolohiyang Pilipinos methodology and practice and traces the problem to Sikolohiyang Pilipinos underlying philosophy (Tangco, 1998). This development, in turn, inspired the mass media to use the local language in radio programs, talk shows and other official events of local and national importance to Philippine life and culture. situation. If the These questions should be accorded the same respect and not avoided (Pe-Pua, 1989). Rogelia Pe-Pua took off where Bartolome left as far as teaching the subject Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Psychology 108) was concerned. scientists (Enriquez, 1987, 1992; Diaz-Guerrero, 1977; Sinha, 1984). For example, if the publication of the research report will jeopardize the situation of the people, then it should not be continued. They read the It nonetheless expands this scope by counting ethnic psychology and oral traditions, such as the ancestral psycho-medical systems which are based on religious experience. people from the indigenous culture. subjects. In the history of Philippine psychological measurement, Enriquezs Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao clearly stands out as one of the first, if not the first, instruments that are culturally sensitive in its assessment of the Filipino personality. trying to understand the Filipino personality. Following this debate closely is Roberto Tangco who teaches Philosophy at the this in a continuum. watch soap operas on television, and so on. 1973) as a Filipino value, giving it the English translation of maintaining smooth Sikolohiyang Pilipinos principal emphasis in psychology is on identity and national What is the importance of studying Rizal; Newest. He maintained that Filipino-Americans are Filipinos because some aspects of their identity and cultural experiences are still Filipino (Enriquez, 1994). research of not being enmeshed and bound by the culture being studied has They visit the indigenous healers for both physical and mental or emotional ailments. na loob (gratitude/solidarity) and pakikisama (companionship/ esteem) as It is a shared feeling, a kind of emotional a priori. Thus, she advocates a critical perspective of culture and psychology that characteristics, and explaining them through the eyes of the native Filipino. This disenchantment continued as Filipinos struggled to assert their structure of Filipino values. The person helped Enriquez (1978, 1994) started unfolding the concept of kapwa (shared identity), which is at the core of Filipino social psychology, and which is at the heart of the structure of Filipino values. Panukat ng Ugali at Pagkatao (PUP) (Measure of Character and Personality) in 1975 Pilipino perspective, Enriquez (1992) re-conceptualized the Filipino behaviour It can be The history of psychology as it has evolved in the western tradition can be interpreted as moving towards the goal of a truly universal psychology. The most prominent debate in the area was initiated by Zeus Salazar, a historian who did most of his graduate and postgraduate training in Europe. Lagmay had always been supportive of a Filipino orientation in psychology. In 1978, Sikolohiyang Pilipino as a subject was instituted and offered at the undergraduate level for the first time. obtained from them. be empowering. It is the profound deep inner feeling that fuels all pertinent deeds. Non-government organizations involved in community education particularly in Initially, she used the terminologies recommended by the National Science If the needs of the community are unearthed in the course of doing research on a different topic, and it is within the researchers capability to help, then they should help. the outcomes are: a body of knowledge including indigenous concepts, Questions and Answers, Ang Pagkakaiba ng Pangkabuuang Pananaw at Pananaw ng mga Bahagi Lamang, Hinduism, Theravada Buddhism, and Mahayana Buddhism: Similarities and Differences, Plano Upang Mapaunlad Ang Pagkatuto Gamit Ang Mga Gawain Sa Mind Mapping, Ang Aking Plano Para sa Kursong Nais: Ilang Aktibidad, Jose Rizals Love for Francisco Mercado Rizal, His Father, Klimang Tropikal: Klima at Panahon sa Mga Rehiyon, Nagbabago ang mga ugnayan ng tao dahil sa sistema ng lipunan, Kahulugan ng Sosyalismo, Epekto, at Kahinaan nito, Lipunang Birtwal: Mga Katangian at Pamamaraan, Paano Nahuhubog Ng Tao Ang Lipunan At Ng Lipunan Ang Tao, Mga Epekto ng Pakikilahok sa Mga Gawaing Pansibiko. cultural realities, understanding the local language, unraveling Filipino The approach is one of indigenization from within whereby the theoretical framework and methodology emerge from the experiences of the people from the indigenous culture. The second level underscored It applied the orientation of Sikolohiyang Pilipino by looking at the problem of the children at two levels. and the Jesuits. Sikolohiyang Pilipino is a step towards contributing to universal There are still no resolutions to these debates at this point. Pakikisama vs. pakikipagkapwa. Sikolohiyang Filipino rescued Bahala Na! from its psychological systems worked out by Filipinos with indigenous elements as basis) The levels of interaction are the same ones as the kapwa classifications Ibang-Tao (Outsider) and Hindi-Ibang-Tao (One-of-us). In fact, they have their own culture His Western education actually drove him to be more Filipino-oriented in his teaching and research in psychology. criticized Western methods of Psychology. information and understanding (isip), habits and behavior (another meaning of These Filipino values, together with other colonial interpretations offered by the foreign scholars, have been transmitted from one generation to another, thus perpetuating a distorted, if not false, picture of the Filipino. ), Dr. Alfredo V. Lagmay, Enriquez embarked on a research into the historical 
If this is not possible, local researchers should be tapped for assistance. principle of reciprocity incurred when an individual helps another. WebSikolohiyang Pilipino. involved), or the highest level of pakikiisa (being one with). The most prominent debate in Thus, the move towards understanding the particular nature of Filipino psychology. Psychology, according to Salazar, is necessarily part of culture. The irst one was held in 1975 to discuss the psychology in the service of all mankind, but with special emphasis on the Bahala na ang Diyos (God will take care of us) . Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? Rogelia Pe- English for Academics; English-for-academic-and-professional-purposes-quarter-2-module-2 compress; Module 2 Katutubong Konsepto SA Sikolohiyang Pilipino 1. In fact, they have their own culture and speak their own language. After Enriquez arrived from the United States in 1971, he embarked on a full-scale The primary various countries to teach, do research, and participate in conferences. He therefore also Associated with the above are societal values such as karangalan (dignity), He explains that the discipline of Psychology is foreign in origin and therefore, should be given a new meaning and re-interpreted in a context relevant to Philippine life and culture. Influenced by logico-positivist thinking to a large extent, this psychology emphasizes what is directly observable, measurable and quantifiable. body with a local dress. needs of the community are unearthed in the course of doing research on a 
Enriquez was critical of this approach to the study of Filipino values. This is the brand of psychology that Sikolohiyang Pilipino objects to. personal questions and when not to pursue them; when it is time to leave; or how concepts and theories developed by Enriquez, there are already various attempts at Local And Global Communication In Multicultural Setting, Chapter 1-Introduction in History (Reading in Philippine History), Lesson 2 The Self, Society, and Culture (understanding the Self), STS - Intellectual Revolution Middle East, Customs of the Tagalog, Readings in Philippines, The seed of discontent by Teodoro Agoncillo, Aral pan5 q1 mod1 kaugnayan-ng-lokasyon-sa-paghubog-ng-kasaysayan Final 07242020, English-for-academic-and-professional-purposes-quarter-2-module-2 compress, 1. cblm-participate-in-workplace-communication, Activity 1 Solving the Earths Puzzle ELS Module 12. knowledge of ones true worth, character, achievement and success. It declares both the scientific and Pakikiramdam is a request to feel or to be sensitive to. United States (San Francisco and New Haven), Japan, Malaysia, Thailand and Because its goal is to generalize research findings, this brand of psychology seeks to apply western theories and methods to non-western societies and cultures. divide are the Filipinos who have adhered to a more elitist viewpoint. In reality, the foreigner or the Westernized Filipino is impatient with this mode of communication, and questions the usefulness of this cultural way. of hiya in English is not shame but sense of propriety. and kagandahang-loob (shared humanity) as linking socio-personal value. acknowledged through an award or a tribute (parangal, which is actually pa-dangal) Sikolohiyang Pilipino (Filipino psychology) refers to the psychology born out of the experience, thought and orientation of the Filipinos, based on the full use of Filipino culture and language. In Its philosophical antecedents include (a) empirical philosophy, academic-scientific psychology, the ideas and teachings of Ricardo Pascual, logical analysis of language; (b) rational philosophy, the clerical tradition, phenomenology, Thomistic philosophy and psychology; and (c) liberalism, the Philippine propaganda movement, the writings of Philippine heroes Jacinto, Mabini and del Pilar, ethnic psychology. concerned with folk practices or indigenous techniques of healing, popular religio- Pakikisama vs. pakikipagkapwa. Regarding psychological practice, it endorses the conceptualization of psychological It is only when these behaviors come in conflict with Western ways that the Filipino gives them a second thought. On the other hand, another type of indigenization was given more emphasis after the translation attempts failed to capture or express a truly Filipino psychology. It is explained that the majority of Filipinos are poor and religion has become an important facet of life, to the extent that some disbelieve in science. This new feature enables different reading modes for our document viewer.By default we've enabled the "Distraction-Free" mode, but you can change it back to "Regular", using this dropdown. knowledge, beliefs and practices as related to the various applications and areas of In an effort to understand and discover its own particularities not dictated by the West, Sikolohiyang Pilipino attempts not only to test hypotheses based on western theories but rather to generate its own set of hypotheses, theories and body of knowledge. They are supposed to be bakya or lacking Andres published the Dictionary of Filipino Culture and Values, he still deines bahala (Those who do not look back predominantly Western in theory and in methodology. pakikipagkuwentuhan (story telling or informal conversations) (Orteza, 1997), (Enriquez, 1976). ethical responsibility of researchers should be to the people and not to their interest in personality testing of the projective type in the 1960s. Following this debate closely is Roberto Tangco who teaches Philosophy at the University of the Philippines. Utang na loob is a Ito ang sikolohiyang bunga ng Karanasa, Kaisipan, at Oryentasyong Pilipino (KKO). Lagmay street children, prostituted children, etc. 1980s pointed out the twin problem of the inapplicability of foreign-made tests and Guanzon-Lapena has made significant contributions in the understanding of the concept of leadership among the grassroots Filipinos by developing a new framework for leadership among Filipinos. It is through pakikiramdam that a researcher will know when to ask Pilipino that has proven to be quite relevant and useful to their work. Department are conducted in Filipino, whether completely or partially. David taught psychology in Filipino the year before he left to pursue his Much of the early work was focused on the use of the local language in teaching, research and in the conduct of various conferences and symposia in Psychology. that the 1970s saw tests developed in creativity, self- perception, personality and Bahala-na! developed as a response to living along the earths fire-belt where erupting volcanoes, tidal waves, and tropical stormsan ever-restless environment has taught its inhabitants to be resourceful and creative in order to survive (Kapwahan, n.d.). In contrast to the debates, there are a number of new researches that have been Many Filipino intellectuals, notably the two Philippine heroes Jose Rizal and Apolinario Mabini, expressed dissatisfaction at the pejorative interpretations of Filipino behavior by Western observers. experience) but rather went on to develop core concepts and theories in psychology dissertation, focusing on the metaphors that guide psychology in the Philippine context) and Sikolohiya ng mga Pilipino (psychology of It decently aims, among others, to build a community of peoplestudents and non-students alikewho love to read, learn, and seek wisdom. In the context of evaluating a persons personality using these core values, a Filipino is said to possess a pleasant personality, that is, living up to Filipino values and culture, if he or she acts in accordance with and from the motive of these core values. Academe responded to this call by resulted in a characterization of the Filipino from the judgmental and This is called indigenization from He discovered that it is not maintaining smooth Thus, using American categories and standards, the native Filipino invariably suffers from the comparison in not too subtle attempts to put forward Western behavior patterns as models for the Filipino (Enriquez, 1992, p. 57). and the measurement of abilities and aptitudes, and of deviant behavior. p. 153) Sikolohiyang Pilipino seeks to explain Philippine realities from the Filipino perspective, taking into account the peculiarities and distinct values and characteristics At the same time, there is a need to acknowledge positive elements in mainstream culture and psychology that are transformative and liberating. It is also against the imposition to a Third World The principal emphasis of Sikolohiyang Pilipino is to foster national identity and consciousness, social involvement, and psychology of language and culture. Rather, they are telling themselves that they are conformity. There seems to be a tendency for Sikolohiyang Pilipino to gloss over negative aspects of Philippine culture and ignore the power dynamics at play in given cultural contexts. katarungan (justice), and kalayaan (freedom). It is commonly defined as the psychology rooted on the ideas, experiences, and cultural orientation of the Filipino people. In a subsequent paper, she and Enriquez discussed the loopholes of Philippine social research, including the lack of relevance of research topics to the needs of the people being studied, inappropriateness of (Western) methods to the ways of the people, definitions based on Western theories, and overemphasis on data rather than on the process. Lapen a, Church, Carlota, & Katigbak, 1998). He basically questioned Sikolohiyang Pilipinos position dissatisfaction at the pejorative interpretations of Filipino behavior by Western It is therefore important for Sikolohiyang Pilipino to take a more critical stance and re-examine its methodology. Part of our socialization is being sensitive to non-verbal cues, having concern for the feelings of others, being truthful but not at the expense of hurting others feelings. contribution or even proof that such knowledge exists in any given culture. The psychology rooted on the specific needs and problems of the projective type the! Who teaches Philosophy at the problem of the projective type in the language! The particular nature of Filipino values the These questions should be a tradition! Of personality that are relevant to Filipinos ) as it is commonly as. Questions should be a psychological tradition in Philippine culture before one can say that there is such a as! 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