The annual Istanbul Jazz Festival has been held every year since 1994. Istanbul also has an active nightlife and historic taverns, a signature characteristic of the city for centuries, if not millennia. [168][178], Into the 19th century, the Christians of Istanbul tended to be either Greek Orthodox, members of the Armenian Apostolic Church or Catholic Levantines. 2023 UDesign Theme. [135] After extensive renovation, it became one of Turkey's first national museums in 1924. [134] After several hundred years of royal residence, it was abandoned in 1853 in favor of the baroque Dolmabahe Palace. As a result, the current height of the obelisk is only 18.54 meters, or 25.6 meters if the base is included. [136] Government meetings took place here until 1786, when the seat of government was moved to the Sublime Porte. The most recent of these is the 13,800-seat lker Sports Arena, which opened in 2012 as the home court of Fenerbahe's basketball teams. The Fourth Crusade was diverted from its purpose in 1204, and the city was sacked and pillaged by the crusaders. [251] Since 2015, all types of parades at Taksim Square and stiklal Avenue (where, in 2013, the Gezi Park protests took place) have been denied permission by the AKP government, citing security concerns, but hundreds of people have defied the ban each year. [308] The completed section of highway crosses the Bosphorus Strait via the Yavuz Sultan Selim (Third Bosphorus) Bridge, entered service on 26 August 2016. [242][243] Mahmutpasha Bazaar is an open-air market extending between the Grand Bazaar and the Spice Bazaar, which has been Istanbul's major spice market since 1660. [13] Suleiman the Magnificent's reign from 1520 to 1566 was a period of especially great artistic and architectural achievement; chief architect Mimar Sinan designed several iconic buildings in the city, while Ottoman arts of ceramics, stained glass, calligraphy, and miniature flourished. Istanbul-based Star TV was the first private television network to be established following the end of the TRT monopoly; Star TV and Show TV (also based in Istanbul) remain highly popular throughout the country, airing Turkish and American series. This to-scale comparison of Texas vs. Turkey uses the Mercator projection, which distorts the size of regions near the poles . Is Greenland really as big as all of Africa? The forest originally supplied water to the city and remnants of reservoirs used during Byzantine and Ottoman times survive.[122][123]. [328][329] With additional destinations around the Sea of Marmara, DO runs the largest municipal ferry operation in the world. Compare the size of countries, regions and cities Istanbul (Turkey) is 1.31 times as big as London (UK) Istanbul (Turkey) No description found. [159] 64.4% of the residents live on the European side and 35.6% on the Asian side. [168], Arabs form the city's other largest ethnic minority, with an estimated population of more than 2 million. In the following centuries, and especially after the Tanzimat reforms, Ottoman architecture was supplanted by European styles. Istanbul (/stnbl/ IST-an-BUUL,[7][8] US also /stnbl/ IST-an-buul; Turkish: stanbul [istanbu] (listen)), formerly known as Constantinople[b] (Greek: ; Latin: Constantinopolis), is the largest city in Turkey, serving as the country's economic, cultural and historic hub. [332][non-primary source needed], International rail service from Istanbul launched in 1889, with a line between Bucharest and Istanbul's Sirkeci Terminal, which ultimately became famous as the eastern terminus of the Orient Express from Paris. [291] In later years, in response to increasing public demand, water from various springs was channeled to public fountains, like the Fountain of Ahmed III, by means of supply lines. Istanbul's climate is temperate, and is often described as transitional between the Mediterranean climate typical of the western and southern coasts of Turkey, and the oceanic climate of the northwestern coasts of the country. For the purpose of parliamentary elections, Istanbul is divided into three electoral districts; two on the European side and one on the Asian side, electing 28, 35 and 35 MPs respectively. [290], Istanbul's first water supply systems date back to the city's early history, when aqueducts (such as the Valens Aqueduct) deposited the water in the city's numerous cisterns. 73.38% lower population density? To date, no definitive plans have been approved. [88] The population of Istanbul began to rapidly increase in the 1970s, as people from Anatolia migrated to the city to find employment in the many new factories that were built on the outskirts of the sprawling metropolis. Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) - 69.63 sq. Hours later, the sultan rode to the Hagia Sophia and summoned an imam to proclaim the Islamic creed, converting the grand cathedral into an imperial mosque due to the city's refusal to surrender peacefully. [230] These museums have yet to attain the popularity of older museums on the historic peninsula, including the Istanbul Archaeology Museums, which ushered in the era of modern museums in Turkey, and the Turkish and Islamic Arts Museum. New York City (NYC), often called simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. The high quality of healthcare, especially in private hospitals, has contributed to a recent upsurge in medical tourism to Turkey (with a 40 percent increase between 2007 and 2008). [43] Five years later, Severus began to rebuild Byzantium, and the city regainedand, by some accounts, surpassedits previous prosperity. [231] Movie theaters rapidly cropped up in Beyolu, with the greatest concentration of theaters being along the street now known as stiklal Avenue. What is the difference between Istanbul and Ankara? Both cities have their own distinctive appeal and attractiveness, despite the fact that they are very different in terms of geography . Its early incarnations were aimed at showcasing Turkish visual art, and it has since opened to international artists and risen in prestige to join the elite biennales, alongside the Venice Biennale and the So Paulo Art Biennial.[238]. [125] It was brought from Delphi in 324 CE, during the reign of Constantine the Great, and also erected at the spina of the Hippodrome. [355] Apart from the wild land mammals Istanbul hosts a sizeable stray animal population. This rail line has 76.6km, and the full line opened on 12 March 2019. [169][170] According to a 2019 KONDA study, Kurds constituted around 17% of Istanbul's adult total population who were Turkish citizens. [226], By the end of the 19th century, Istanbul had established itself as a regional artistic center, with Turkish, European, and Middle Eastern artists flocking to the city. Istanbul vs. Sofia. For example: Kolkata . However, it was re-converted into a mosque in July 2020. mamolu won the vote with 48.77% of the vote, against Yldrm's 48.61%, but the elections were controversially annulled by the Supreme Electoral Council due to AKP's claim of electoral fraud. City Size and Population Density Istanbul has a huge area - coming to a total of 1,539 square kilometers (594 square miles). Inalcik, Halil. Emirgan Park is known for its diversity of plants and an annual tulip festival is held there since 2005. In this case, knowing the Turkish Size Chart will help you to choose the correct size of dresses, jeans, shoes etc. [350] In a study that examined urban flora in Kartal, a total of 576 plant taxa were recorded; of those 477 were natural and 99 were exotic and cultivated. Select two countries to compare United States compared to Search for a country, continent, or state. Istanbul is also famous for its sophisticated and elaborately-cooked dishes of the Ottoman cuisine. [24] A person from the city is an stanbullu (plural: stanbullular); Istanbulite is used in English. [344][345] The transfer from the airport to the city is via the O-7, and it will eventually be linked by two lines of the Istanbul Metro. Tokyo ( TOH-kee-oh, -kyoh; Japanese: , Tky [toko] (listen)), officially Tokyo Metropolis (, Tky-to), is. [145] [146]. [239][240] Other focal points for shopping, leisure and entertainment include Nianta, Ortaky, Bebek and Kadky. English Russian; New York and Istanbul Comparison by area and population New York United States: Istanbul Turkey: Population. The city stands on the River Thames in the south-east of England, at the head of its 50-mile (80 km) estuary leading to the North Sea. Beikta JK, established in 1903, is considered the oldest of these sports clubs. One-fifth of all district council members, including the district mayors, also represent their districts in the Municipal Council. While Istanbul's Greek population was exempted from the 1923 population exchange with Greece, changes in tax status and the 1955 anti-Greek pogrom prompted thousands to leave. [207], Istanbul, which straddles the Bosporus strait, houses international ports that link Europe and Asia. [82] The Armistice of Mudros was signed on 30 October 1918 and the Allies occupied Constantinople on 13 November 1918. [70] There was a huge new palace to rival, if not overshadow, the old one, a new covered market (still standing as the Grand Bazaar), porticoes, pavilions, walkways, as well as more than a dozen new mosques. The average after-tax salary is enough to cover living expenses for 0.6 months in Istanbul compared to 0.5 months in Mogadishu. [108] Galata (Karaky) is today a quarter within the Beyolu (Pera) district, which forms Istanbul's commercial and entertainment center and includes stiklal Avenue and Taksim Square. [223], Istanbul was historically known as a cultural hub, but its cultural scene stagnated after the Turkish Republic shifted its focus toward Ankara. [134] The present palace grew over the centuries as a series of additions enfolding four courtyards and blending neoclassical, rococo, and baroque architectural forms. This was followed by nonobservant people with 26% who identified with a religion but generally did not practise its requirements. Istanbul has a population density of 2,523 people per square kilometer (6,530/sq mi), far greater than Turkey's density of 102 people per square kilometer. [210], Istanbul has been an international banking hub since the 1980s,[15] and is home to the only active stock exchange in Turkey, Borsa Istanbul, which was originally established as the Ottoman Stock Exchange in 1866. You may also choose a male, female or child silhouette by clicking on a corresponding button on the top bar. Leaving aboard the British warship HMS Malaya on 17 November 1922, he went into exile and died in Sanremo, Italy, on 16 May 1926. [62] On 29 May 1453, after an eight-week siege (during which the last Roman emperor, Constantine XI, was killed), Sultan Mehmed II "the Conqueror" captured Constantinople and declared it the new capital of the Ottoman Empire. [286] Kanal D and ATV are other stations in Istanbul that offer a mix of news and series; NTV (partnered with U.S. media outlet MSNBC) and Sky Turkboth based in the cityare mainly just known for their news coverage in Turkish. When visiting Istanbul, it will be helpful to know a bit about the system of measurement, temperature and clothing size. [109], Dolmabahe Palace, the seat of government during the late Ottoman period, is in the Beikta district on the European shore of the Bosporus strait, to the north of Beyolu. [257] The stadium hosted the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final, and was selected by the UEFA to host the CL Final games of 2020 and 2021, which were relocated to Lisbon (2020) and Porto (2021) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In the run-up to local elections in 2019, Erdoan claimed 'if we fail in Istanbul, we will fail in Turkey'. [93] Much divergence exists in the terminology used to classify the city's climate, however. Istanbul's precipitation is unevenly distributed, with winter months getting at least twice the level of precipitation of their summerly counterparts. [13] In 1923, after the Turkish War of Independence, Ankara replaced the city as the capital of the newly formed Republic of Turkey. [305], Istanbul's motorways network are the O-1, O-2, O-3, O-4 and O-7. [252] Galatasaray SK and Fenerbahe SK have fared better in international competitions and have won more Sper Lig titles, at 22 and 19 times, respectively. Sabiha Gken International, 45 kilometers (28mi) southeast of the city center, on the Asian side, was opened in 2001 to relieve Atatrk. [citation needed], Following the Turkish War of Independence (19191922), the Grand National Assembly of Turkey in Ankara abolished the Sultanate on 1 November 1922, and the last Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed VI, was declared persona non grata. [58] Constantinople's churches, defenses, and basic services were in disrepair,[59] and its population had dwindled to a hundred thousand from half a million during the 8th century. The Istanbul Biennial is a contemporary art exhibition that has been held biennially since 1987. The deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915 was among the major events which marked the start of the Armenian genocide during WWI. Istanbul is primarily known for its Byzantine and Ottoman architecture. Cloudiness, as with precipitation, varies greatly by season. In 1930, the city's name was officially changed to Istanbul, the Turkish rendering of (romanized: eis tn Plin; 'to the City'), the appellation Greek speakers used since the 11th century to colloquially refer to the city. Historians disagreesometimes substantiallyon population figures of Istanbul (Constantinople), and other world cities, prior to the 20th century. London (UK) London is the capital and largest city of England and the United Kingdom. The state-run Radio 3, although based in Ankara, also features English-language popular music, and English-language news programming is provided on NTV Radyo (102.8 FM). [113] However, KozyataAtaehir, Altunizade, Kavack and mraniye, all together having around 1.4 million sqm of class-A office space) are now important "edge cities", i.e. km. The O-2, O-3, and O-4 are part of European route E80 (the Trans-European Motorway) between Portugal and the IranTurkey border. Turkey is popular and budget friendly vacation spots and many people from around the world come to make cheap but quality shopping. [256], Many of Istanbul's sports facilities have been built or upgraded since 2000 to bolster the city's bids for the Summer Olympic Games. [180] Following Greek migration to the city for work in the 2010s, the Greek population rose to nearly 3,000 in 2019, still greatly diminished since 1919, when it stood at 350,000. The Genoese fortifications in Galata were largely demolished in the 19th century, leaving only the Galata Tower, to make way for the northward expansion of the city. [118] The Turkish government also has ambitious plans for an expansion of the city west and northwards on the European side in conjunction with the new Istanbul Airport, opened in 2019; the new parts of the city will include four different settlements with specified urban functions, housing 1.5million people. [120] Another park, Fethi Paa Korusu, is on a hillside adjacent to the Bosphorus Bridge in Anatolia, opposite Yldz Palace in Europe. [15], Despite the myth that seven hills make up the city, there are, in fact, more than 50 hills within the city limits. [182] As of 2019, an estimated 18,000 of the country's 25,000 Christian Assyrians live in Istanbul.[183]. 9.5K. Height Difference Chart. [172] Zazas are also present in the city and constitute around 1% of the total voting-age population. [253][254][255] Galatasaray and Fenerbahe have a long-standing rivalry, with Galatasaray based in the European part and Fenerbahe based in the Anatolian part of the city. [249], The Princes' Islands, 15 kilometers (9mi) from the city center, are also popular for their seafood restaurants. [318] Operated by Istanbul Electricity, Tramway and Tunnels General Management (ETT), trams slowly returned to the city in the 1990s with the introduction of a nostalgic route and a faster modern tram line, which now carries 265,000 passengers each day. [180] There are today 50,000 to 70,000 Armenians in Istanbul[181] down from a peak of 164,000 in 1913. [91] The fault caused the earthquakes in 1766 and 1894. [144][145] The main decision-making body of the Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality is the Municipal Council, with members drawn from district councils. [47], The establishment of Constantinople was one of Constantine's most lasting accomplishments, shifting Roman power eastward as the city became a center of Greek culture and Christianity. [354] Water pollution, overfishing and destruction of coastal habitats caused by urbanization are main threats to Istanbul's marine ecology. [167] A 2019 survey found that only 36% of the Istanbul's population was born in the province. [336][337][338] Service to Ankara and other points across Turkey is normally offered by Turkish State Railways, but the construction of Marmaray and the Ankara-Istanbul high-speed line forced the station to close in 2012. Fares across modes are integrated, using the contactless Istanbulkart, introduced in 2009, or the older Akbil electronic ticket device. [18] Modern excavations have raised the possibility that the name Byzantium might reflect the sites of native Thracian settlements that preceded the fully-fledged town. Further information on the monthly publication: Rise and fall of Constantinople and the Byzantine Empire, Until the early 20th century, along with other names. [266] Despite the construction boom, five bids for the Summer Olympicsin 2000, 2004, 2008, 2012, and 2020and national bids for UEFA Euro 2012 and UEFA Euro 2016 have ended unsuccessfully. The first government defeat in Istanbul occurred in the 2017 constitutional referendum, where Istanbul voted 'No' by 51.4% to 48.6%. Meanwhile, the population of Texas is ~25.1 million people (57.9 million more people live in Turkey). [245] stiklal Avenue, originally known for its taverns, has shifted toward shopping, but the nearby Nevizade Street is still lined with winehouses and pubs. In: Edhem, Eldem. [84] On 29 October 1923 the Grand National Assembly of Turkey declared the establishment of the Turkish Republic, with Ankara as its capital. The Sleymaniye Mosque, built by Suleiman the Magnificent, was designed by his chief architect Mimar Sinan, the most illustrious of all Ottoman architects, who designed many of the city's renowned mosques and other types of public buildings and monuments.[132]. According to the Global Destinations Cities Index in 2016, Tehran is among the top ten fastest growing destinations.October 6 is marked as Tehran Day based on a 2016 decision by members of the City Council . New York City is composed of five boroughs, each of which is a county of the State of New York. [h], The Sinan Erdem Dome, among the largest indoor arenas in Europe, hosted the final of the 2010 FIBA World Championship, the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships, as well as the 201112 Euroleague and 201617 EuroLeague Final Fours. We'll show you the perimeters of two different countries on the same map to see their real size. [76] Regular service to Bucharest and Thessaloniki continued until the early 2010s, when the former was interrupted for Marmaray construction but started running again in 2019 and the latter was halted due to economic problems in Greece. [300] Today, mobile and landline service is provided by private companies, after Trk Telekom, which split from the Ministry of Post, Telegraph, and Telephone in 1995, was privatized in 2005. 354.31$ vs 527.14$ 7.1million more inhabitants? [296][299] GSM cellular networks arrived in Turkey in 1994, with Istanbul among the first cities to receive the service. Which is a contemporary art exhibition that has been held biennially since 1987 about the system of,... Around the world come to make cheap but quality shopping with a religion but generally did not practise its.! Its diversity of plants and an annual tulip Festival is held there since 2005 months. 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